Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate tissue. Today, this is the most common urological disease and mainly affects sexually active men. According to various data, in the group of patients between 20 and 40 years old, the prevalence of chronic prostatitis ranges between 20 and 35%. Furthermore, this diagnosis in combination with benign prostatic hyperplasia is increasingly found in the older age group.
The lack of effective and timely treatment causes complications such as erectile dysfunction and infertility.
Types of prostatitis
The classification used today is based on the division of all types of prostatitis, depending on the presence of an infectious pathogen, leukocytes in the prostate secretion, as well as clinical manifestations. According to him, there are 4 categories of prostatitis, each of which has certain symptoms:
| Prostatitis Category | Signs | Predominance |
|---|---|---|
| acute bacterial | 1. Frequent urination, burning sensation. 2. Difficulty urinating with pain. 3. Pain on palpation in the lower abdomen. 4. Pain on palpation of the prostate. 5. Many leukocytes, bacteria and mucus in the urine. 6. High temperature, discomfort. |
up to 5% |
| chronic bacterial | The signs are the same as for acute bacterial infections, but are less pronounced and without systemic manifestations or purulent content in the urine. There may also be blood in the semen, pain in the perineum and testicles, and a large number of leukocytes in the semen and prostate secretions. | 5-10% |
| Chronic nonbacterial (inflammatory, non-inflammatory) | The signs are the same as for the previous categories, but no microorganisms are detected in prostatic secretions, urine or semen. And with a non-inflammatory variant, there may be no increase in the concentration of leukocytes in the secretions of the prostate, sperm and urine. | 80-90% |
| Asymptomatic inflammatory | There are no clinical manifestations. An inflammatory process is observed in urine, semen and prostate secretions. | A stranger |
Signs and symptoms of prostatitis.
Signs of prostatitis can be laboratory and clinical. In the first case, characteristic changes are detected in the general analysis of blood, urine and prostate secretions. Clinical signs refer to the symptoms that accompany this disease.
These include:
- Increased body temperature.
- Pain in the perineum or lower abdomen.
- Frequent urination.
- Presence of blood in urine or ejaculate.
- Pain when urinating.
Depending on the type of prostatitis, the severity of symptoms can vary. In acute forms, the first signs of prostatitis in men appear suddenly, which becomes a reason to consult a doctor. Chronic prostatitis, on the other hand, is asymptomatic and manifests itself only during periods of exacerbation. The first signs of exacerbation of chronic prostatitis are pain in the perineum and urinary disturbances in the form of a slow stream of urine and the inability to urinate even with a strong desire. Without timely treatment, the disease leads to the development of complications, which are manifested by erectile dysfunction, ejaculation disorders and infertility.
Diagnosis
With chronic prostatitis, the signs of the disease can vary significantly. Most often, patients experience 4 main syndromes:
- Painful. As a rule, complaints concern pain in the lower abdomen, perineum, sacrum and genitals. It can occur both at rest and during exercise.
- Dysuric. Patients notice frequent or difficult urination, thinning or slowness of the stream, sudden urge to urinate, and incomplete emptying of the bladder.
- Sexual. Characterized by a violation of potency. Some scientists associate this with pathologically high excitability of the nerve endings in the prostate, caused by prolonged inflammation.
- Reproductive. Not only a violation of sperm formation occurs, but also a decrease in the volume of ejaculate and a change in the composition of prostate secretion.
According to some authors, in recent years reproductive and sexual syndromes are increasingly common.
In addition to subjective discomfort, a rectal examination of the prostate is important. It is important to assess the shape, state of the edges, consistency, state of the seminal vesicles, as well as the presence of pain.
Laboratory tests for prostatitis may include:
- General blood and urine analysis.
- Microscopy of prostate secretion or urine.
- Bacteriological examination of urine or prostate secretion.
- PCR test for sexually transmitted infections.
- Uroflowmetry and determination of residual urine.
Laboratory data may be accompanied by instrumental studies, including ultrasound, CT, MRI, etc.
How to treat signs of prostatitis
Symptom management is only one area of treatment. It also aims to restore normal prostate function and prevent complications.
In the case of bacterial forms of prostatitis, the treatment plan includes antibacterial medications that eliminate the pathogen. In this case, it is possible to influence the immediate cause of the inflammation. The treatment program is always selected individually after a thorough examination and final diagnosis.
One of the most prescribed drugs for the treatment of chronic abacterial prostatitis is prostate extract, which has an organotropic effect on the prostate gland.
Prostate extract helps reduce swelling, reduce inflammation and improve secretory function, increasing the tone of the bladder muscles. The drug also helps to improve microcirculation in the prostate tissues, reduces the risk of thrombosis of small vessels, reduces pain, restores urination and normalizes sexual function.
Infirst stagetreatment, prostate extract is prescribed in the form of suppositories and forSecond stageTablets are used for therapy. There's alsoimproved forma medicine that contains twice as much active ingredient as classic suppositories. Due to this diversity, the doctor can take an individual approach when prescribing treatment for each patient.